Canadian Study: Piracy Boosts CD Sales
Written by Ernesto on November 03, 2007A recent study on the impact of filesharing on CD sales shows that the more music people download on P2P-networks, the more CDs they buy.
University of London researchers, Birgitte Andersen and Marion Frenz surveyed a large group of Canadians to find out what the effect of piracy is on music sales. The results are surprising, at least, for the music industry.
The researchers conclude that that people who download more music actually buy more CDs. They report: “We estimate that the effect of one additional P2P download per month is to increase music purchasing by 0.44 CDs per year.”
This basically means that if someone downloads 270 songs a year via BitTorrent, he or she will buy 9 CDs more than someone who only downloads 27 songs. So, in a way illegal downloads actually convert into more CD sales.
Overall the researchers found no difference between pirates and other people in the number of CDs they buy. They did not find a positive or a negative relationship between filesharing and CD sales. So, at worst, filesharing isn’t the cause for a drop in CD sales. It might even be a boon to it.
This study once again confirms that piracy is not as bad as the recording industry content “owners” want us to believe. Filesharing gives people the opportunity to discover new music for free. It makes it easier to try new music before you buy. Right now, downloading songs off P2P networks is pretty much the only way to listen to complete tracks before deciding to buy them.
It is worth mentioning that there are legal alternatives, like Soundpedia and Lala.com’s upcoming service, which will let you stream entire songs for free. However, most people will still prefer pirated music because the quality is much better and they can transfer it to their MP3 player.
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48 Responses
I often have to listen to an album a few times before I really like it. With p2p, I’m able to do this and make a better educated buy. I don’t know about other people, but I’d hate to spend $21.99 + on a CD and find out its crap.
Since I’m under age, I can’t have a credit card, so this limits me to the music I can buy because here in Canada, they don’t seem to have that great of a selection at the local music stores. A lot of the music I listen to comes from overseas, and it is very unpopular among the local crowd, so it is hard to get the music I like even at the $21.99 + price tag :(
I really hope that this starts to change some peoples tune about filesharing and makes our government finally realize that it isn’t bad. It’s actually a good thing.
If it weren’t for p2p, I wouldn’t have half as many CDs as I have now.
Why does it have to be that downloading INCREASES music sales, and not just:
People who download music LIKE MUSIC, and therefore are prone to buy more in general regardless of torrents.
Why does downloading and buying have to be directly linked in the behaviours of my mind, they are cousins (similar trends) and not twins (where one only gains if the other looses).
el90, good point, certainly.
Downloading music is the best way of discovering new artists whose CDs may be bought after listening to dowloaded MP3s
See the recent crap with Bell?? I think as a country we need a class action of our own against a certain two companies. The recording industry has these two comapanies playing by their agendas not the peoples.
These statistics do not apply to me. Ever since I began file sharing, I have stopped buying cds. I support the artists by going to concerts and buying merchandise.
Besides, most of the artists I listen to are dead. If I bought their CD, I wouldn’t be supporting the artist. My money would go strait to the record executives, and I see no point in doing that.
I often have to listen to an album a few times before I really like it. With p2p, I’m able to do this and make a better educated buy. I don’t know about other people, but I’d hate to spend $21.99 + on a CD and find out its crap.
Since I’m under age, I can’t have a credit card, so this limits me to the music I can buy because here in Canada, they don’t seem to have that great of a selection at the local music stores. A lot of the music I listen to comes from overseas, and it is very unpopular among the local crowd, so it is hard to get the music I like even at the $21.99 + price tag
I really hope that this starts to change some peoples tune about filesharing and makes our government finally realize that it isn’t bad. It’s actually a good thing.
If it weren’t for p2p, I wouldn’t have half as many CDs as I have now.
Downloading music means bad artists will have another stream to expose their music (although they wont’ be successful anyways) while good ones spread across the net on fire, hence boost their sales more.
It really depends on the person. People are willing to give money away to good music to support the artist. We kept hinting that, but nobody is taking advantage of this stream of income in a way we’re willing to give money away.
I see it for what it is. If I go into a US electronic store and see a $60 laptop mouse and recognize it’s $5 in China, I wouldn’t buy the mouse.
I never buy CDs because I know it’s only a CD-R burnt with tracks of music, which costs 20 cent + 10 cent for the case, but they price it at $15-$20. Why not really give something to consumers?
When CD-R writers are available to the public, and that CDs can be ripped to mp3s, they should have anticipated the change and taken another route to sell their products instead of following the same retail way. They’re not changing their route probably because they’re still profiting from retail. Now they’re unable to catch up and now they have to rely on hackers and police to cut losses.
If they still want to be in business a decade from now (when the majority of people become more computer literate), they’ll need to have to be adaptable.
At real I likes more music what 15-30 years old . That time was when alot brightest music bands starts. I guess music industry can’t to offer such quality musics right now – they got methods for pushing trash on CD sales by loosy promotions and technological advantages, and can’t turn out of this due huge mistakes followed through spending megabucks into pseudo-stars. Managers like to “switch” out from own mistakes to P2P “piracy” for actioners and owners of music labels, this is very convinient way :)
el90 has, I’d say, explained the survey much better than that reached by the experts: certainly as applicable to me, I have more CDs than most of my friends bar one. He’s the only one of my friends who uses p2p more than I do. However, I am sure that we would both say that this is because we’re music lovers. This makes us more likely to buy CDs, but also to download music.
I also agree with what Norm says: when an artist is dead, the band have split, 3 members of the band have ousted the genius from the band and turned the band into a karaoke band (Misfits, Dead Kennedys, we’re looking at you), or if a band are particularly rich already, then I would download instead of buy: it wouldn’t have been supporting good new music if you’d have bought it, just the record labels, the rich people who get richer, or the people who sold out the music for more cash. Hence I would definitely download anything by Handel, anything byRobert Johnson, anything by Led Zepelin, and anything by the DKs. However, buying a recrd by a new band, particularly a young and up-and-coming band, would take precedence for me. With a current band I would not download their music unless I had already bought one CD, or if I was gonna do so a couple of weeks later. I would consider the £10 (about $20) I gave the band for that CD to pay for the rest of their stuff, if I was paying what it was worth. If the industry then stealsmost of it from the band, then what hope is there?
The title is misleading. The study does not demonstrate that piracy boosts CD sales. It demonstrates that piracy and CD sales are not correlated (piracy neither boosts nor harms CD sales). It does demonstrate the ratio of downloads to CD sales among those who download, but that does not indicate a causal relationship. You might as well say that for every CD you buy, it causes you to download 2.27 songs.
It is true that studies actually show nothing anyway, since they are mostly based on samples, and statistics, which are sweeping at best. However we al know that the responsible pirate use p2p as a try before you buy platform. I agree that whatever the cost of a CD, it is too much… In South Africa, and the rest of the third world, we have to deal with exchange rates too, which means that a CD now costs about as much as a few day’s groceries!!! I am NOT going to buy a cheap piece of plastic, with some digital infomation burnt on to it, for the same money I can feed my family for a few days, and then pray that I haven’t wasted my money because actually the CD has the next led zepplin on it. Rather I am going to be a shrewd consumer, exercising the latent democracy in consumerism, that entitles me to ignore false advertising and marketing. I am going to choose what I buy based on experience, not promises. And I agree with the TF article above, that while there are other platforms for sampling music, they don’t offer the ability to see how that music fits into your lifestyle. Most of us aren’t just buying music to listen to it, but as part of how we define ourselves. We all feel that we OWN it and are in some way responsible for it. In that capacity, listening to a bad quality streaming copy of ONE song, does not satisfy. I want it on my IPOD, and I want to listen to the album through 5 times on my way to and from work, before I am willing to attach my name and identity to it. p2p offers me that, NO other platform can…..
> statistics, which are sweeping at best
The study is specific to Canadians with a sample size of 2,000 p2p users. Within that context, their finds are possibly accurate. You can’t apply the results to users in other countries. It would like surveying favorites foods in China and touting that as the same as the rest of the world.
Anyway, WalMart is starting to offer DVD kiosks where you can burn DVDs. I could see this happening with audio CDs. With broadband, a kiosk could download songs and burn a CD in 20 minutes. All the songs you can fit on a CD for say $10.00.
“It demonstrates that piracy and CD sales are not correlated (piracy neither boosts nor harms CD sales).”
It doesn’t even demonstrate that – the only meaningful result I got from it is that people who download a lot of music also buy a lot of music. It neither confirms nor denies a causal relationship between downloading and buying music. It’s entirely possible that heavy downloaders would buy more CDs if they didn’t have the p2p option.
el90 came the closest to reading this correctly – people who like music will acquire more music, both by downloading more and buying more than those who don’t like music (or who are less enthusiastic about it).
And for those who say they don’t buy music recorded by dead artists because the record company takes all of the money – that’s bullshit. Whatever royalty the artist would have received goes to his/her heirs.
This is completely True. Im normally not a fan of supporting the recording industry. However, just this week after listening to a pre-release downloaded copy of Hedley’s new album, im on my way now to buy it.
File sharing makes bands more popular, but the problem with it is that if it gets to popular the record companies may not make money. Therefore the bands wont get tours, concerts or air showings.
fluglebinder’s got an excellent point about the relative value of physical CDs being skewed- when you hold up $30 worth of groceries and a $30 import from HMV next to each other, it becomes next to impossible to justify spending that kind of money. CD stores tend to not only not have what a lot of people are looking for, but the prices aren’t really justifiable.
I realize the study was canadian, but we’re all connected to the same internet, and therefore online, the same stuff is available to all of us. it’s a beautiful equalizing factor.
I’m quite certain that is Bullshit for mainstream media. For indie artists, definitely piracy will help promote and get awareness of new artists but for mainstream – it will only cause a very small percentage to buy the product, while more will turn to piracy.
I’m for Piracy, as long as it’s not my content – if it was my content then of course I’m going to get angry and I’d probably do some of the stupid things that the RIAA did/are doing. Anger blinds you, and clouds your judgement and otherwise rational people become complete idiots.
In the US CD sales have been down a significant figure though. From about 13 billion in 2000 to a little over 9 billion today. That’s around 45% less than from a few years ago. It would be nice to say that P2P helps increase these figures, but it’s not true. The record companies are planning a different attack though. They’ll take it out of our a$$ in the concerts… you watch. A hot concert will be about as expensive as the Super Bowl.
I don’t buy CDs anymore, but I download albums all the time. I’m in college now, but when I was in high school about 80% of my income went into buying CDs. As such, I have a collection of about 800 CDs, but I haven’t bought any in the past few years. Why? It’s mostly an issue of quality for me. I haven’t found anything worth buying in the last 5 years. The internet has entirely destroyed the culture of music which I once embraced. It used to be difficult to find good, new artists. I would have to go to dozens of local shows and spend a long time looking for a decent new artist. Now it’s as simple as logging onto last.fm and checking my neighbors. There’s no thrill of the hunt anymore, and there’s certainly no longer any room for anyone to be an expert. In a culture where everyone has a 20+GB iPod, everyone is a music expert. There’s no longer any context for a music collector, let alone an afficionado. For me, BitTorrent didn’t kill the music industry.. promotion did.
Hahaha, yeah right.
Nov 03, 2007 at 23:36 by herman_mQuote herman_m
> statistics, which are sweeping at best
The study is specific to Canadians with a sample size of 2,000 p2p users. Within that context, their finds are possibly accurate. You can’t apply the results to users in other countries. It would like surveying favorites foods in China and touting that as the same as the rest of the world.
Even in Canada a sample of 2000 people is hardly representative of the population of people in canada alone who pirate AND buy CDs. What kind of questions were asked in the survey? Did they leave room for answers? No, because you can’t conduct a survey like that, you have to give a person a few answers from which to choose, since this is the only way to compile any consistent data, but that means that all your consistent data is non-reflective of people’s opinions, because you have given them answers to choose, and not answers they would give… THAT is why I say statistics are meaningless… 2000 people in Canada choose from five abcd answers in a questionaire and we are supposed to believe that this is a representaion of consumer trends in Canada? you must be joking!!!!
“In the US CD sales have been down a significant figure though. From about 13 billion in 2000 to a little over 9 billion today. That’s around 45% less than from a few years ago. It would be nice to say that P2P helps increase these figures, but it’s not true.”
How can piracy be blamed for that?? Look at the release groups that are spreading most of the pirated information first: Most of the best ones have been around since the 80s, piracy has been around even longer. It is just becoming more accessible along with everything else, thanks to the internet…
Most new car manufacturers are putting in mp3 players: ipods and the like are having soaring sales. CDs, are dead, just like tapes and VHS and whatever. THAT is why there are declining sales. Are the same studies that show declining CD sales, looking at the link between this and rising mp3 sales, on sites like iTunes?
This whole thing is turning into more of a flame war than anything else. Officials and companies are taking the moral high ground while doing dirty things themselves. It’s the oldest trick in the book… Until I can support what I think is good music, without watching people like Britany Spears et al, become multi millionaires, I’m not interested in purchasing a damn thing. How much money does the CEO of Warner Bros. or Sony america make? People always complain about the exploited third world workers making nikes and whatnot for 2 cents a day while the CEOS make 100 000 dollars a day. what is the difference between that and a small band from idaho getting 3 cents for every cd sold, while the CEOS play golf 3 times week? What is the difference?
i steal? music most of the time. i would buy it if the money went directly to the artist and not the intermediaries. in the digital age, where you can listen to music stations online thats how i discover new music, not from a record store or from ads in paper an tv. i hope in the future that artists will directly publish the songs themselves. mind you, if i really like the songs i buy the cd. then rip it to my ipod in a sound quality i like.
I download mew music constantly from various sources. If I like it, chances are I’ll buy at least one full album by the artist from iTunes. If I don’t, I’ll delete it for the HD space. No cost incurred, no harm done.
Sometimes I’ll buy something on iTunes then download a better quality mp3. I did this with the most recent Behemoth and Dimmu Borgir albums – the iTunes quality sucked so I downloaded FLACs from Usenet, which are way better.
I recently gave GB£20 to Radiohead, not because I thought their ‘free to download’ album was worth that much, but because I downloaded their entire back catalogue the night before I bought it. Most of that has now been deleted
Filesharing directly causes me to buy more music. Without filesharing I would not have discovered 80% of the stuff I’ve bought over the last year.
No doubt a great many lawbreaking music thieves like me work exactly the same way.
As an average collector of CD’s (appprox. 1200), I found the download world a great opportunity to listen to music before buying, and a lot of the 1200 or so I have purchased have been because I heard them first after downloading.
However, all this changed when the RIAA started pursuing downloaders. As a result of their actions I have decided to not purchase any further CD’s from non-independent labels until the RIAA change their policy.
So far, by my calculations, they have lost 2000 dollars of my money. I don’t suppose it is very much, but enough people do it, the message will soon get to the labels wallets, which is the only thing they understand.
Whats a CD?
Well what I don’t understand, is why an Audio cassette costs $2.5 while a CD costs $10-15 out here. If it’s the content that they are selling, shouldn’t the CDs be priced the same?
Btw, I too download music, and then buy CDs of my favourite among them. I did not buy as many CDs before downloading…
http://goobimama.blogspot.com/
If online music pirating is used to preview music, FLAC discourages people from buying the CD. You already have the highest quality available to consumers, so it is no longer necessary to buy the CD anymore for the highest quality.
i dont understand this whole piracy thing…
if sharing files on the internet is piracy,then renting a dvd and having ur friends over to watch it is piracy as well???They ll have to stop that as well??
When I was a kid and we didnt have internet and file sharing, I used to tape the songs I liked with my tape recorder..So now that technology had advanced, I feel file sharing and taping the song is preety much the same thing. And when record companies over-price their products, they shouldnt expect much response of it, since we know that much of that price is going directly to them rather than the artist I like, I prefer spending my money on gigs and merchandise.
it will be interesting to see how much better CD sales do now that Oink is gone….
(my guess is not that much better)
IT’S NOT FUCKING PIRACY! The negative stigma is not helping what is inevetibly going to become the standard. Stop calling it that. It’s called SHARING. Now let’s continue…
31 – Oink won’t have a noticeable effect on world-wide record sales. You are talking about a couple hundred thousand people…and that’s assuming all of their purchase habits changed after the site shutdown. Highly unlikely.
Not surprised – how do you hear new music these days if you don’t download it? Radio is a wasteland, MTV doesn’t play videos. P2P is about the only promotional channel left where music can get any exposure.
Holy shit! CEASE FILE-SHARING ASAP!!1 I thought it would kill the RIAA but all this time P2P was making them stronger!1 NOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOES!1
All I see from the study of 2,000 Canadian peer-to-peer users is that Computer Owners in that group, which represents 100% of the group, buy more CD’s. Obviously non-computer owners (still a majority of the world, maybe even the USA) buy CD’s. Has the RIAA or other industry groups studied to see how much of their sales have dropped because of this majority group (non-computer owners)?
Record stores used to let you sample LP’s in the store. I haven’t seen that much done since I bought my first CD in 1884. A few have little machines that will let you play a few seconds of a track, but that is it. The price of CD’s have dropped quite a bit though, about half.
I dont really see peer-to-peer any more of a threat to record sales than when FM stations used to warn they were about to play a full uninterrupted album so you could get the ol’ reel or cassette recorder ready.
I do see a threat to musicians in niche markets, as copyright law was really meant to protect them, not Big Records, Inc. As a niche musician myself (Irish folk) I jealously guard my copyrights. I have to sell my own albums one at a time, and peer-to-peer can destroy the tiny little market for my music I have made.
That date should be -1984-, not 1884. Little before my time
I ll agree with 34…mtv doesnt play decent music anymore-its more like a soft porn channel..if i want to watch that,there are other channels for that! and what find new music through the radio? when all it does is to play 12 songs in a rota?? NO THANK U!!!
Bill Gates allowed illegal copies of his software and thereby became the richest man in the world. So, if illegal copies ruin your business how is it in any way possible to become the richest man? Study this …
some of you guys are missing the point about statistics
what this survey is about is testing the correlation between downloading music by p2p and buying music CD’s
the results show a positive correlation but statistics do not offer an explanation for the relationship
statistical interpretations are performed using multiple regression analysis which would require a much larger study with a bigger sample over time
therefore this study is open to interpretation as to why higher downloading does fit with higher purchases of CD’s
There is 3 types of lies:
1) Small Lies
2) Big Lies
and finally,
3) STATISTICS
I still don’t understand why anybody will want to give money to the bunch of worst-than-nazi of the record/movie/software/game industy.
Boycott buying cds/dvds, we will win
[quote comment="206982"]statistical interpretations are performed using multiple regression analysis which would require a much larger study with a bigger sample over time[/quote]
And that is another misbelieve. They only support an interpretation, they do not come around and tell you what to believe and explain it to you. Remember, formulas only describe the world, they do not make it run.
Let’s not forget the “golden days” of CD buying in the 90s was when many collectors upgraded their collections, from whatever old media to CD. A one-time event.
Say I own 800 LPs, which I replace with CDs. I sure as hell am not gonna do this more than once. So the “statistics” that show dropping CD sales are pure bull. People with large collections have probably converted all their stuff, so now it’s back to Joe Sixpack buying CDs. Of course you’re not going to get the same kind of sales figures.
Not to mention there are bunches of other reasons, like people starting to shun Big Music (there was not this animosity before, back in the day we just stfu’d and paid up), the fact that a lot of music you hear over the radio/mtv IS garbage, the fact that you can now buy online from many different sources, etc.
Big Music needs to go fucking die. Why the F*** are CDs so much more expensive than cassette?
[quote comment="202728"]These statistics do not apply to me. Ever since I began file sharing, I have stopped buying cds. I support the artists by going to concerts and buying merchandise.
Besides, most of the artists I listen to are dead. If I bought their CD, I wouldn’t be supporting the artist. My money would go strait to the record executives, and I see no point in doing that.[/quote]
The artists sold their recorded music to these “executives” that you folks hate so much.
And by illegally downloading, you’re not just stealing from the “executives”, you’re stealing from the songwriter.
Not all bands write and record their own stuff, and there are a lot of songwriters that depend on royalties from these albums to make a living creating the music that you want to listen to.
I understand the arguments on all sides, but I don’t think that there’s any way to justify downloading people’s songs. You’re just justifying a wrong to keep yourself from feeling guilty.
Downloading music is no more ethical than going into Barnes and Noble and copying the pages of the books that you want, putting the books back, and leaving.
Of course you didn’t steal any physical property, but the books aren’t worth anything with out the words that are printed in them and there’s obviously a demand for the information in the book. That’s how our economy works! Someone works to create a product, and if you want to use it, you pay that person.
While I see that it’s a fun argument to make so that your actions don’t seem so bad, it’s just NOT ethical to steal intellectual property that you’re consuming.
Because after all, every “product” other than food started off as intellectual property. All industries are based off of bringing you comfort, convenience or entertainment, and just because you’ve figured out an easy way to steal from one, doesn’t make it right.
So, Willaim, how many Cds did you buy in 2007?
Right or wrong, when P2P is used for what it should be used for, good things can happen, and it does in most cases. Sure, there are those who just take, and buy nothing, but in reallity, they probably weren’t going to buy anything anyway. What harm is done in them hearing the music? None, as these sort of people never were even a potential sale. It still doesn’t mean some good can’t from them either, as the music could be heard by their friends, who in turn buy an album.
The only ones that get hurt by P2P, are those that make a less than average product. THose are the ones who don’t want you to try before you buy, as they depend on blind buy sales to push their dreck.
In 2007 I downloaded around 200 albums in .flac format. Of those I burned 126 to CD-R.
In 2007 I went out a bought, with my hard earned cash, 136 CD titles(most from non RIAA smaller labels). Some box sets, and some double disc sets. Some of those being ones that I burnt to CD-R. To say I havn’t done more than my share, woud be just absurd. I spend what I can while providing for may family, so I see no harm in hearing music that I would otherwise never be exposed to.
Your right though, it is copyright infringment to download for free without the artists permission. The thing is, I will never feel any guilt. I do my best to show my support. Until the industry can find a way for me to truely discover good, new music, I will have to go down the free download road.
Really, P2P is a bigger threat to corporate radio, as it is no longer a good source for music discovery (really never was). Most of the die-hard P2P users, are music fans, and music fans collect, and buy albums. The rest of the lot are potential customers, but they are not lost sales, as one can not say if they were going to buy anyway.
In the end, if you want to sell more CDs, you better put out a good product. It is a try it before you buy it market, so the bar has been raised a lot higher. Two songs and a bunch of filler isn’t going to earn you a gold record anymore.
Like it or not, P2P is here to stay.
I probably bought 5-6 albums last year. I paid to download 50-75 songs. I also pay for a subscription to XM and my business has a subscription to Sirius.
Don’t tell me there’s not ways to hear an album before you steal it, and don’t justify your stealing by your economic situation or by the fact that you wouldn’t have paid for it if you hadn’t have been able to steal it. There was obviously a demand for the product, or you wouldn’t have downloaded it and burned it. THOSE PEOPLE DID NOT GET COMPENSATED FOR THEIR WORK THAT RESULTED IN YOUR ENTERTAINMENT. It’s that simple.
It’s wrong! Respect the musicians, songwriters, publicists, managers, engineers, producers, and their families. Don’t do it! Don’t steal music.
I am an artist in a small non-pop genre, my band is signed to a non-RIAA small record label, and a good part of my living comes from record sales, along with merch, and ticket sales. We probably sell around 15,000 albums a year, we play 150 dates a year, and I spend most of my life driving, flying, sleeping in a bunk, or loading in. I’m not complaining about it… music is my LIFE. It has been since I was a child. Sometimes I feel like a slave to it, but it’s my choice.
I have practiced, trained, written, and busted my ass on the road since I was a teenager, and I’d like to be compensated when someone enjoys what I do.
I don’t give one shit if someone uses the argument that they would have never bought my record if they couldn’t steal it. I don’t want you to have it. I worked hard on it and if you want to hear it, you have to pay me so I can eat.
It’s that simple. And yes, commercial radio sucks, but there are places like satellite radio, college radio, myspace, and internet radio where you can hear all kinds of new music.
I’m sure you’re an ok guy, and we’d probably like hanging out with each other, but you really need to see the flaws in your reasoning. I’m not an “RIAA zombie”, and honestly I’m a Libertarian, but I don’t feel that it’s wrong for people to get paid for their creations, and it’s not wrong for people to get rich off of music that’s popular.
It’s not P2P that is causing people to not buy or buy fewer CDs, it’s the record companies and all the threats and suing that they are doing that are stopping people from wanting to buy CDs. They are hurting the artists because many artists don’t agree with what they are doing. There are some like Prince and Wacko Jacko that are just as nuts as the RIAA, IFPI, etc…
They are hurting the true artists more then they are helping. When they settle a case for $3,000+ who do you think gets the money? The artists? Nope! The record companies! They are not just causing CD sales to decline but they are also causing people to not go to concerts which really hurts the artist since they usually make under $1.00 a CD. Concerts / Touring is where they make most of their money. $100+ tickets, $35+ t-shirts. The record companies are not just destroying themselves, they are destroying the music industry!
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