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AFACT v iiNet: Tiny Bits of BitTorrent Transfers Aren’t Illegal

iiNet’s chief barrister argued today that there is insufficient evidence to show that when customers shared movies using BitTorrent, they shared “substantial parts” of said material, an essential requirement for proving infringement. Furthermore, in order to verify AFACT claims, iiNet itself would have to infringe copyright.

AFACTThe trial continues in the copyright infringement case of AFACT – representing several Hollywood studios – and Aussie ISP iiNet (multiple links to all our earlier coverage can be found here, here, here and here)

The case progressed in the Federal Court today, with iiNet barrister Richard Cobden continuing with his closing submissions.

As detailed earlier in the case, after AFACT sent many thousands of copyright infringement notices to iiNet, the ISP responded by sending them to the police. Cobden defended that decision today, claiming that the notices could constitute evidence of copyright crimes.

While the studios had earlier insisted that they would never sanction unlawful investigation methods, ITNews quotes Cobden as saying that in gathering that evidence, it was likely the investigators themselves had also committed offenses, breaching section 132AJ(1) of the Copyright Act.

The barrister said that both investigators committed primary acts of infringement online, and while AFACT had earlier claimed that iiNet users burned copyright material onto DVDs after downloading it, in fact the only evidence of that being done relates to the copies made by AFACT investigators.

Continuing to attack the evidence provided by AFACT and its anti-piracy partner DtecNet, Cobden returned to an earlier assertion that DtecNet investigators did not behave as normal BitTorrent users would. Regular users would allow their torrent client to connect to any peers, but DtecNet filtered out any that weren’t issued with iiNet IP addresses.

ARN quotes Cobden as saying this action was “foolish” as it slowed download times to several days. As we heard earlier in the case, this led to investigators counting the same infringement more than once.

Last week, Cobden argued that AFACT hadn’t provided any evidence that iiNet customers had engaged in copyright infringement as they were only sharing small parts of files (such is the nature of BitTorrent), rather than the “substantial” parts, as required under the law. In order to prove his point, Cobden went on to cite an earlier copyright case.

In 2002, Australian TV station Channel 9 sued Channel 10 citing infringement under the Copyright Act 1968. Channel 10 had broadcast short sections of Channel 9 programs The Today Show, Who Wants to be a Millionaire, Days of Our Lives and Sale of the New Century in their television show called The Panel. The view was that of the 11 segments played, only 3 were long enough to constitute infringement.

As anti-piracy tracking companies such as DtecNet only record an instance of alleged copyright infringement timed to a single second, Cobden is arguing that there is no evidence to prove any “substantial” part of any movie was shared by iiNet users.

Cobden went on to insist that in order to confirm that evidence of infringement provided by AFACT was indeed accurate (before passing notices to their customers), it would be necessary for the ISP to breach copyright.

“If one wanted to check the DtecNet evidence and see on a range of IP addresses supplied by iiNet that infringing material was online, the only way to do it would be to use the BitTorrent client like DtecNet did, construct the parameters of the IP address range, locate the file and compare it to details in the spreadsheets,” said Cobden, as quoted by ITNews.

Cobden said that if iiNet passed unproven infringement notices to its customers, it would face problems if the account holder disputed the claims. After all, iiNet had only AFACT’s word that an infringement had been carried out, but absolutely no proof or other information to have a meaningful discussion on the issue.

It is likely that Cobden will finish his closing submissions next Tuesday 24th. The Internet Industry Association’s application to become a ‘friend of the court’ will be heard on the afternoon of that day, bringing the original date forward by two days.

The case will then end either next Wednesday or Thursday, but readers are advised not to hold their breath for the verdict – it could take several months to arrive.

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  • fr3ak

    If only sense would now prevail!

  • anonymouse

    so why is it likely to take several months for the verdict to be reached and released? surely it wont take that long for the judge to negotiate his ‘fee’ from AFACT, will it?

  • Cordelia

    We need to stay on top of EXACTLY what is legal, what is grey-zone and what is against the law.

    In order to be able to defend ourselves efficiently should the need arise.

    Also in order to work on changing public and media perceptions.

  • kabuki0009

    I don’t see how AFACT can win the law is not on their side.

  • Anonymous

    The law might not be on their side, but money is.

  • gorehound

    hollywoood and their stooges are really getting me angry now.i boycott their nerw stuff and they will lose a thousand bucks form my home.

  • Rocky

    If iinet sent the infringement notices to the police, I can’t see AFACT really having any claim that iinet didn’t do enough.

  • RedTheHat

    Under the Copyright Act 1968 in Australia, people who created shows back before when DVD was even thought of can now sue because they never gave permission to have their shows distrubuted on a format that was not even invented then. This is how retarded our copyright system is.

    I hope that our newly formed Pirate Party takes a great deal of notice to this, and the impending trial involving the creator of Skippy being a complete and utter tool by even attempting to sue over this DVD crap, and bring this to the public and those who do have the power to listen.

    This whole trial is just Holywood cracking the shits because they cant evolve as fast as the consumer. Pack of wankers.

  • Capn

    @2, The Judge investigating ‘his fee’ implies that he owes AFACT something ;) But we know what you meant.

  • anon2

    surely it should make no difference what else iiNet has or hasn’t done or has or hasn’t been accused of. i thought the whole reason for this trial was to settle, once and for all, whether a ISP was responsible for what it’s customers did with an internet connection and whether or not a ISP is responsible for disconnecting a customer from the internet, purely because some other company tells them to. just about everything else under this topic seems irrelevant, including the pointless closing arguments from both sides on the size of files transfered. to coin a phrase, ‘size shouldn’t matter’. if there is sufficient, valid proof from organisations like AFACT, they should simply tell the ISP what they have and that they are going to pass the info on to the police for their consideration. would a movie company like being taken to court because they advertised a film as being ‘the film of the year’ and i thought it was crap, then sued them for misrepresentation? i dont think so!

  • Stax

    As detailed earlier in the case, after AFACT sent many thousands of copyright infringement notices to iiNet, the ISP responded by sending them to the police. Cobden defended that decision today, claiming that the notices could constitute evidence of copyright crimes.

    Why even bother then with this trial if you are going to hand over logs directly to police without proof of the event actually happening. Doesn’t your isp have a policy such as 3 letters and your disconnected?

    “While the studios had earlier insisted that they would never sanction unlawful investigation methods, “

    Since when did the studios tell the truth?


    Last week, Cobden argued that AFACT hadn’t provided any evidence that iiNet customers had engaged in copyright infringement as they were only sharing small parts of files (such is the nature of BitTorrent), rather than the “substantial” parts, as required under the law. In order to prove his point, Cobden went on to cite an earlier copyright case.”

    Why give letters to police? With all of the frivolous takedown request and c& d & all the other, this could potentially mess someone up who was not even aware or didn’t even use their internet to download whatever. When I have Bit torrent & ed2k/Kad parties, I don’t know what the heck people are sharing. How can I be reliable for what they share when there are many people present at the parties? How can the isp give my info to police without hearing from me first or telling me about it then go to court over infringement themselves but give letters to police? Kind of messed up totally giving letters to police.

    I would rather the isp pass the letters onto me then to the police straight up.

  • fat

    I love this : as soon as officials who try and sue you infrindge copyright, they should sue themselves

  • No-Name

    Reading all this, common sense has to rule in favour of iiNet. But I won’t be surprise AFUCKT win anyway.

  • Mike Donley

    Well since almost every p2p program basically states that the program shares with others, wouldn’t this basically give authorization for others to do the same. If you connect to me and are not a non sharer who does not upload, then by nature installing the client itself is authorization. If you were to sue me for infringement, I would counter sue that you authorized me to take the works by using the application that allows it. I would also show http://torrentfreak.com/leaked-documents-reveal-anti-piracy-cash-operation-091115 stating evidence. I would also sue you for frivolous lawsuit & wasted time, etc as well. I would recommend others do the same if it comes to be.

  • Mike Donley

    ——-> Meant to say “If you connect to me and are not a non sharer who does not upload, you suck.

  • heh

    Encrypt your headers and the ISP cant track squat.. even if they use that method.

  • Reasoned Mind

    I guess the fact that the “tiny bits” actually assemble into the WHOLE file and it’s the WHOLE file that is being shared while having its value stripped away is inconvenient. So iiNET will just avoid discussing this part. if they can.

    :-)

    Inconvenient facts are inconvenient.

  • well…

    you lost me there, reasoned. :\

  • Anonymous

    Well since they presented it to the police, WTF more do AFACT want?

  • No-Name

    @17 Reasoned mind
    It’s impossible to prove that the IP actually uploaded the WHOLE movie and not just 10% of it in tiny bits.

  • No-Name

    @19
    Money for bribing more judges around the world and get even more money out of it.

  • marius

    @11: Because police has the legal powers to do something about it.

    All the ISP receives is an ACCUSATION from someone – they don’t have to believe this someone and they are not legally allowed to investigate but they are allowed to pass this accusation (true or not) to police for further investigation.

    It’s just like you going to a mall owner complaining your wallet was stolen somewhere in the mall – the mall owner is not allowed to stop and search each person coming out of the mall to look for your wallet. However, he is allowed to call the police and tell them you got robbed.

    The police may or may not believe you but they investigate further by asking you if you actually had a wallet or a purse, through what stores in the mall you went, request surveillance tapes from the mall for the time frame you were in the store and so on.

    Just the same, police can ask AFACT further information, on what they base their accusation, how reliable is, they’ll request from the ISP who was the person that had that IP in that time frame, maybe they’ll visit that person home and so on…

    But you see, here’s the actual problem. Imagine AFACT sending 5.000-10.000 of these accusations to the police each month. Do you think the police has the man power to fill paperwork and put policemen to go between AFACT and ISPs for each of these alleged infringements?

    Is it worth spending about 10$ in police time and work for each investigation only to catch probably 1 in 15-50 people? And it doesn’t end here, AFACT then has to sue that person and pay lawyer fees.

    This is why AFACT wants to skip the police and have the ISP pass their accusations directly, because they know police are not capable of doing their work for free.

  • Antinomian

    It’s really funny that his name is Richard Cobden. That was the name of the heroic 19th century liberal MP who almost single handedly defeated the English Corn Laws. The Corn Laws were another system of monopoly privilege, just like IP.

  • Anonymous

    They are waiting for everyone to forgot about the case to avoid a riot once AFACT win and people start investigating the judge.

    But hopefully all these entertainment parasites will be dead by then.

    Hopefully.

  • lol

    @ 23 lol paying attention to the little stuff his name being the same cant be a coincidence it must be a sign o.O (paranoid mode)

  • cliffserach

    I wonder if burnt pirated DVDs were shipped in the country via Quantas, would IFACT sue Quantas ??? Maybe they should, that would test how stupid IFACT really are…

  • Ninja

    Reasoned mind… I’m downloading some stuff from a torrent. I have downloaded 103Mb (which is like 15% of it) and uploaded 670Mb (which is about the size of the files in the package).

    Also, I’m still not sure if I’m gonna buy it. Where’s the stripped value? And I saw that movie recently that was so bad I regretted even the energy spent downloading it. Where’s the value to be stripped there?

    Inconvenient facts are indeed inconvenient.

  • Anonymous

    Tell our number one law man what we think.

    Tony Bannon:-

    http://www.tenthfloor.org/default.asp?menuid=5&artid=72

    Tell our number one anti piracy group what we think.

    http://www.afact.org.au/contact.html

  • nah in bmore

    Now this makes sense… if users are only giving a piece of a file..how can it be infrigment. It’s not even the full file. It’s like a 30 sec sample of a file.

  • chisophugis

    @ Reasoned Mind:

    I think you have a profound misunderstanding of the BitTorrent protocol.

    I can download just 4 MegaBytes of a 4 GigaByte movie and upload 100GB to others, I would just share that same 4 MB with a lot of people. The only person that is guaranteed to have uploaded every part of the file is the original uploader (given that there are other seeds who have completed the download).

  • Baggyone72

    I support iinet on this one, I’m also no lawyer, but just to clarify a few points:
    – iinet passed the notifications on to the police, for what is essentially a civil matter. The notification from AFACT says “this IP address was giving away our stuff for free”. It becomes a criminal matter when the “someone” makes multiple copies and sells them – that is when the police can get involved. So it is a tenuous arguement from Iinet…BUT AFACT are also on thin ice and should be doing the hard work and raising civil lawsuits against individuals.
    – the discussion on how much is shared by one user on bittorrent is to try to defuse/reduce damages should iinet be found to have “authorised” the activities of thier users. Under copyright there is a tipping point at which the amount of copied material constitutes a breach of copyright. Iinet are trying to suggest that each user only contributes a small portion of a file, and thus does not contravene the copyright act.
    Having the whole file available is one thing, actually only sending 10% of that file is another.
    – I do think that Iinet have a strong argument with the fact that the Telecommunications act limits what they can do with user information, and secondly to verify the claims of AFACT they would themselves have to download from the accused IP – which would set them up for breach of copyright.

    Finally the fact that AFACT foucussed on iinet and bombarded them with notices, while ignoring most other Australian ISPs, could be seen as imposing an unreasonable burden upon iinet. Thus AFACT may have given iinet a nice little opening to wriggle through.

  • Whatever

    Finally some lawyer sees the light because the same applies to TPB.

    If TPB would check the claims for infringement they would themselves be infringing when it really is what they claim it is (or sometimes even when its not their copyright).

  • Steve0

    damnit all the movies I dloaded never worked. I tried, I admit, but to no avail. Something is broken in the system. It said complete but I never got the information.I never watched a single one.I swear!

  • Jan Schotsmans

    After seeing what Australia has been trying to pull on a governmental level in service of the copyright lobby, its quite nice to see the Australian copyright mafia is getting clobered in court by an ISP.

  • Dark Logic

    YOUR OPINION PLEASE I Pirate because i cant afford the $10each to go see a movie (that might suck) or the $17 to buy it in the store what is there argument against someone like me whom they were never going to get a dime from no matter what wheres there loss if anything they are gaining because if somethings good i tell friends about it whom do have extra cash right now and do buy DVDs and go out to the cinema if i take my family out to see a movie its going to be $40 at the door and i don’t know why food cost so much at the theater Ive been to wall-mart for the price of a large popcorn at the theater i can get a months worth at the store i say fu*kum they are doing it to themselves

  • Matt

    @36 Netflix or another All you can eat movie rental service is rather cheap even if its DVDs in the snail mail if a service exists in your country you should probably use it and the DVDs are easily copied with a basic computer and DVD Decryption software (oops Piracy),

    The only movie Cinema’s I will go to now are ones that provide beer ,meals and a really comfortable lounge .Some Cinemas offer this and I don’t mind paying the premium price for a night out but overpriced popcorn watered down soda and a overcrowded cinema is a rip off .

  • Anonymous

    @ no. 2

    Don’t you see the irony in accusing the judge of being open to bribery without any evidence?

  • Anonymous

    food cost so much is because the movie industry claims around 75% of ticket sales, its greed and they have to depend on food sales for there only profit at a theatre

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